📊 Digital Modulation Symbol Mapper

🎯 Getting Started

This tool demonstrates how binary data is converted into physical signals in digital communication systems.

• Binary Input: Enter a string of 0s and 1s (e.g., 1011)
• Modulation Scheme: Choose ASK, FSK, PSK, or QAM to see different encoding methods
• Waveform View: See the time-domain signal representing your data
• Constellation Diagram: See the symbol positions in I/Q space (for PSK and QAM)

📡 Modulation Types

• ASK (Amplitude-Shift Keying): Binary data encoded by changing amplitude. Two amplitude levels for binary ASK.
• FSK (Frequency-Shift Keying): Binary data encoded by changing frequency. Different frequencies represent 0 and 1.
• BPSK (Binary Phase-Shift Keying): Binary data encoded by 180° phase shifts. Two constellation points.
• QPSK (Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying): 2 bits per symbol using 4 phase positions (0°, 90°, 180°, 270°).
• 8-PSK: 3 bits per symbol using 8 phase positions around a circle.
• 16-QAM: 4 bits per symbol using 16 amplitude/phase combinations in a square grid.
• 64-QAM: 6 bits per symbol using 64 points in a dense constellation.

🔬 Constellation Diagrams

Constellation diagrams show the I (in-phase) and Q (quadrature) components of each symbol:

• I-Axis (Horizontal): Represents the in-phase component (cosine)
• Q-Axis (Vertical): Represents the quadrature component (sine)
• Symbol Points: Each dot represents a unique combination of bits
• Labels: Bit patterns are shown for each constellation point

💡 Key Concepts

• Bits per Symbol: Higher-order modulation (QAM) transmits more bits per symbol, increasing data rate
• Distance Between Points: Closer points are more susceptible to noise/errors
• Bandwidth Efficiency: QAM uses bandwidth more efficiently than ASK/FSK but requires better SNR
• Phase & Amplitude: QAM varies both phase and amplitude, PSK only varies phase